Tolerating silence in psychotherapy enables the analyst to stay present and support the patient’s unprocessed experiences....

A psychoanalytic reflection on obstacles to listening in the clinical room, exploring presence, ambiguity, and ethical listening through Bion, Lacan, and André Green....

The question of when the inner world of a human being begins is not one that can be answered solely by pointing to the moment of birth....

A past that overwhelmed the child, a past carrying emotions far beyond their capacity—one lived at a moment when no regulating other was present to name it, soothe it, or give it meaning—never enters narrative...

Holding silence or shutting down? Sometimes the mind grows tired—not of sound, but of perception itself....

In Praise of Metaphor Sometimes an image can do what hundreds of words cannot. In the heart of therapeutic conversations, metaphors often appear like golden bridges — bridges between pain and meaning, between breaking and...

Existential thirst begins from the very first moments of life, when human beings enter the world with needs that go far beyond food and shelter. Among these is the need to tell stories—to make sense...

In recent decades, psychoanalysis has undergone a fundamental transformation, shifting from an intrapsychic and individual-centered model to a relational and social framework. This shift, known as the “relational matrix,” defines the mind as a product...

This article explores the complex relationship between empathy and the unconscious in psychoanalysis, as presented by Stefano Bolognini in his seminal work Empathy and the Unconscious. It examines the structural, thematic, and dynamic aspects of...

Repetition Compulsion is one of the fundamental concepts in psychoanalysis, first introduced by Sigmund Freud and later expanded upon in contemporary theories such as Object Relations and Self Psychology, which provided new interpretations and perspectives....

Psychoanalysis is one of the oldest and most foundational approaches to psychological treatment. Over time, it has evolved into five major schools of thought: Freudian Psychoanalysis, Ego Psychology, Object Relations Theory, Self Psychology, and Contemporary...